Fluid/Thermal/Structural Coupling Simulation on Effects of Forebody-Inlet Thermal Deformation on Intake Performance
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摘要: 进气性能是吸气式高超声速飞行器进气道设计的重要指标。在长时间气动热载荷作用下，飞行器前体和进气道均会产生不同程度的热变形现象，改变进气道内部气流组织和流场结构，影响进气性能甚至危及飞行安全。基于自主研发的热环境/热响应耦合计算分析平台，开展了飞行器典型前体-进气道结构的流/热/固耦合数值模拟，分析了前体压缩面和唇口构型的热变形效应对进气道波系结构和进气性能的影响规律。分析表明：长时间巡航状态下，考虑热变形影响时，进气道唇口会偏离设计状态，波系随局部变形而发生位移和振荡，导致进气道入口流量系数上升，总压恢复系数下降，升压比上升。热变形导致进气性能相关影响需在吸气式飞行器设计中予以重点关注。Abstract: Intake performance is one of the most important factors relating with the forebody-inlet design for air-breathing hypersonic vehicles. The intake performance will be altered due to hypersonic flow field change by the thermal deformation of forebody and inlet under long-endurance aerothermal loads, resulting in endangering flight safety. Based on the in-house coupled analysis platform for thermal environment and structure response, the fluid/thermal/structural coupling simulation for a typical forebody-inlet geometrical model was performed to investigate the effect of ramp and cowl thermal deformation on inlet shock wave series and intake performance. The results show that under the effect of aerothermoelasticity during long cruise, inlet deviates from the design conditions, and the shock waves shift and oscillate. This further leads to an increase in inlet mass flow coefficient, a decrease in total pressure recovery coefficient and an increase in static pressure ratio. The influence of intake performance under thermal deformation is worthy to be considered in the design of air-breathing hypersonic vehicles.
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图 9 初始时刻高超声速流场压力云图
Figure 9. Pressure contour in hypersonic flow field at the initial time
图 15 不同时刻流场和结构温度云图
Figure 15. Fluid and structure temperature contour at different times
表 1 自由来流条件
Table 1. Freestream condition
Ma T∞/K ρ∞/(kg/m3) p∞/Pa Tw0/K 6.47 241.5 9.07×10-3 648.13 294.4 
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表 2 前体-进气道模型来流条件
Table 2. Freestream condition of forebody-inlet model
Ma T∞/K ρ∞/(kg/m3) p∞/Pa Tw0/K 7.0 220.1 5.08×10-2 3210.2 300
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表 3 变形对进气道性能参数的影响
Table 3. Influence of deformation on intake performance parameters
deformation φ σ Rp original shape 0.395 0.326 51.027 deformed shape 0.578 0.261 88.107 variable quantity 46.3% -19.9% 72.67%
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