Simulation and Optimization of the Separation Process for UAV
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摘要: 用于远程投放作战的无人机在与母机分离的过程中, 其姿态变化与运动轨迹直接影响母机的安全性和自身稳定性。基于重叠网格技术, 提出了一种流体-刚体运动耦合数值模拟方法, 对无人机动态投放分离过程进行仿真。采用WPFS标模进行计算, 发现仿真与试验结果吻合度高, 数值模拟方法得到有效验证。采用上述数值模拟方法实现无人机投放过程的仿真, 得到无人机在投放分离过程中位置与姿态随时间的变化规律。进一步基于仿真结果, 完成了无人机弹射方案的优化设计。Abstract: In the separation process of long-range-launched UAV, the attitude change and trajectory directly affect the safety and stability of the parent aircraft. In this paper, based on overset grids, a fluid and rigid body motion coupling method was proposed to simulate the dynamic separation process of UAV. WPFS standard model was used for validation. It is found that the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental data, and the numerical simulation method is effectively verified. The simulation of UAV separation process was realized by using the proposed numerical simulation method, and the change of UAV's position and attitude with time in the process of separation was obtained. Based on the simulation results, an optimal design of UAV launching scheme was proposed.
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Key words:
- separation process /
- numerical simulation /
- overset grids /
- UAV /
- stability
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图 2 流体与刚体运动耦合求解流程图
Figure 2. Flow chart of coupled fluid and rigid body motion solution
图 8 初始弹射力下无人机的运动轨迹与姿态变化
Figure 8. Trajectory and attitude changes of UAV under initial ejection force
图 9 初始弹射力作用下无人机投放过程的压力云图
Figure 9. Pressure contour of UAV separation process under initial ejection force
图 10 投放分离过程母机机翼的升阻力系数
Figure 10. Force coefficients of aircraft wing during separation
图 13 不同弹射力下无人机的运动轨迹与姿态变化
Figure 13. Trajectory and attitude changes of UAV under different ejection forces
图 14 优化弹射方案无人机投放过程的压力云图
Figure 14. Pressure contour of UAV separation process under optimization of ejection scheme
表 1 母机机翼参数
Table 1. Wing parameters of the parent aircraft
b/m χ0/(°) χ1/(°) c/m λ 6.604 45 0 7.62 0.133 
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表 3 无人机基本属性参数
Table 3. Basic attribute parameters of UAV
M/kg x/m Ixx/(kg·m2) Iyy/(kg·m2) Izz/(kg·m2) 150 1.48 4.6 82.8 82.8
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表 4 WPFS弹射力具体参数
Table 4. Specific parameters of WPFS ejection force
X1/m X2/m XG/m d/m F1/N F2/N 1.24 1.75 1.42 0.1 10 679.4 42 717.5
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表 5 初始弹射力具体参数
Table 5. Specific parameters of original ejection force
X1/m X2/m XG/m d/m F1/N F2/N 1.3 1.81 1.48 0.1 2 669 6 405
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表 6 优化弹射力具体参数
Table 6. Specific parameters of optimized ejection force
X1/m X2/m XG/m d/m F′1/N F′2/N 1.2 1.71 1.48 0.1 2 669 6 405
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