Abstract: Due to the heterogeneity of the biological micro-environment, the diffusive motion of nanoparticles usually exhi-bits anomalous behaviors. The anomalous diffusion is closely related to the bio-functioning, and is also an important extension of the micro/nanofluidics. This review systematically introduces the recent advances in the research of nanoparticle's anomalous diffusion in biological complex media. It discusses the mechanism and the typical behavior of anomalous diffusion from the aspects of physical models, numerical simulation, measurement methods and experimental results.