Abstract: With the increase of the aircraft flight speed, high-speed optical dome has great application potential and prospect. However, due to the influence of aero-optical effect, distortion, jitter, blur and energy attenuation may appear in the imaging targets, which will affect the imaging accuracy. By summarizing the aerodynamics and aero-optics of optical dome in recent decades, a scaling law for aero-optics of high-speed optical dome was preliminarily constructed. The main technical route of aero-optical efffect control and some recent works were also summarized. Finally, the key technical difficulties and future development trend of high-speed optical dome were summarized and discussed, which can provide some reference and help for the research of aero-optical effect in the future.